Microwave and Ultrasound Based Methods in Sludge Treatment: A Review

The amount of waste activated sludge (WAS) is increasing annually, and since it presents potential environmental health-related risks, an appropriate treatment stabilization process needed. It has been shown in numerous studies the past few decades that amongst advanced methods sludge, microwave ultrasound-based processes offer promising effective alternatives. main advantage these physical they are energy-efficient, easy to implement can be combined with other types procedures without major difficulties. In this review article we would like present recent scientific results microwave, ultrasound (microwave-alkaline, microwave-H2O2, ultrasound-alkaline ultrasound-H2O2) wastewater terms different process-efficiency indicators. Although obtained somewhat vary between papers, undoubtedly stated both MW US—either individually or combination chemical treatments—can enhance several aspects processing, SCOD/TCOD rate, disintegration degree (DD), anaerobic digestibility (AD), but extent increments clearly depends on conditions parameters.